Data requirements refer to the specific needs and criteria for data that are necessary to support business objectives, processes, and activities within an organization. These requirements outline the characteristics, attributes, and specifications of data that are essential for fulfilling business needs and achieving desired outcomes.
The biggest overall issue with requirements is that both IT and the business side often think they have gathered requirements, but have not gotten to the detail needed to provide a solution with adequate functionality.
Key aspects of data requirements include:
- Data Types: Identifying the types of data needed to support business operations, such as customer data, product data, financial data, or operational data.
- Data Attributes: Defining the specific attributes or characteristics of data that are required, such as data fields, formats, structures, and units of measurement.
- Data Quality: Establishing criteria for data quality, including accuracy, completeness, consistency, reliability, and timeliness, to ensure that data meets predefined standards and requirements.
- Data Volume: Determining the quantity or volume of data required to support business processes, analytics, and decision-making needs, taking into account factors such as transaction volumes, data growth rates, and storage capacity requirements.
- Data Access: Specifying who needs access to the data, how they will access it, and under what conditions, including user roles, permissions, and authentication requirements.
- Data Integration: Identifying data integration requirements, such as data sources, formats, protocols, and frequency of data updates, to ensure seamless data exchange and interoperability across systems and applications.
- Data Security: Establishing security requirements to protect sensitive data from unauthorized access, breaches, and cyber threats, including encryption, access controls, and data masking.
- Data Governance: Defining governance requirements for managing data effectively, including data ownership, stewardship, policies, and procedures to ensure compliance with regulatory requirements and organizational standards.
- Data Lifecycle Management: Specifying requirements for managing the lifecycle of data from creation to archival or disposal, including data retention policies, archival practices, and data disposal methods.
- Data Performance: Identifying performance requirements for data processing, retrieval, and analysis, including response times, throughput rates, and scalability requirements to support business operations and analytics.